Key findings
                     The legacy of long serving CEOs
                        
                        Long-serving CEOs generally deliver higher shareholder returns than shorter-serving CEOs and are typically succeeded by insiders in a planned succession. However, we find that these successor CEOs significantly underperform and are much more likely to be forced out of office.
                    
                     Turnover rate soars
                        Turnover among CEOs at the world’s 2,500 largest companies soared to a record high of 17.5% in 2018 — 3 percentage points higher than the 14.5% rate in 2017 and above what has been the norm for the last decade.
                    
                    
                            Slow progress for women
                        The share of incoming women CEOs was 4.9% in 2018. This is down slightly from the all-time high of 6% in 2017, but it continues an upward trend from the low point of 1% in 2008.
                    
                     Ethical lapses on the rise
                        The overall rate of forced turnovers was in line with recent trends, at 20%. But the reasons that CEOs were fired in 2018 were different. For the first time in the study’s history, more CEOs were dismissed for ethical lapses than for financial performance or board struggles.